| Vocabulary Words | Meanings |
|---|---|
| shorten | to make short or shorter, deprive, contract |
| shorthand | a quick way of writing down what is said |
| shot | small bullets for a shotgun |
| shoulder | the joint between you arm and body |
| shout | to speak or call out very loudly |
| shove | to push roughly |
| shovel | a tool like a spade, but wider |
| show | to point out; to guide. The same word also means a spectacle |
| shower | a sudden brief fall of rain, sleet or snow. The same word also means a bath in which you stand up and water sprays all over you |
| shred | a scarp or strip torn off something |
| shrick | high-pitched scream; a shrill laugh |
| shrill | high-pitched and piercing to the ears |
| shrink | to become less or smaller. Some kinds of cloth shrink when they have been washed |
| shrivel | to dry up and become smaller. A raisin is a shrivelled grape |
| shrub | a small woody plant that does not grow very tall; a bush |
| shudder | to shiver or tremble with fear or disgust |
| shuffle | to move your feet along without lifting them. The same word also means to mix a pack of cards before playing a game |
| shunt | to move railway carriages and wagons from one track to another |
| shut | closed, not open |
| shutter | a wooden cover for a window, used to keep heat and light out in day time, and to keep burglars out at night |
| shuttlecock | a toy made of feathers stuck in a cork, used in the game of badminton |
| shy | not wanting to be with lots of other people |
| sick | ill, not well |
| side | the broad or long surface of a body, a direction |
| sideboard | a large, heavy piece of furniture like a cupboard, where dishes, table linen and cutlery are kept |
| siege | an attempt to capture a town or fort by surrounding it so that help cannot reach it |
| sieve | a container with many small holes, used to separate large and small lumps of soil, grain or food |
| sift | to separate grains or powder from larger lumps by means of a sieve |
| sigh | to breathe out heavily when you are tired or sad |
| signal | a message sent by signs |
| signatory | one who signs |
| silence | absence of mention, to put to silence, to quiet |
| silent | not making a sound |
| silk | very fine smooth cloth made from threads that silkworms spin |
| silkworm | a caterpillar that spins silk threads |
| sill | the wooden or stone ledge at the bottom of a door or window |
| silly | not clever; not thinking carefully |
| silver | a shiny greyish-white metal. Money, knives, forks and spoons are sometimes made of silver. The same word also means the colour of the metal |
| similar | like, or almost like something else |
| simple | easy, not difficult. The same word also means foolish, not very clever |
| since | from a certain time until now, as when you say you have nothing to eat since breakfast |
| sincere | honest; meaning what you say |
| sing | to make music with your voice |
| singe | (say sinj) to burn slightly, to scorch |
| single | only one. The same word also means not married |
| singular | one only, not plural. The same word also means not married |
| sink | a place in the kitchen where there is running water for washing dishes and preparing vegetables. The same word also means to go under the water |
| sip | to drink something a little bit at a time |
| siren | a hooter or whistle that makes a loud, wailing noise |
| sister | a daughter of the same parents |
Tenses
The verb shows time by changing its form. These forms are called tenses.