| Vocabulary Words | Meanings |
|---|---|
| vacant | empty; not lived in, like a house that people have moved away from |
| vacation | a holiday |
| vaccinate | (say vaksinate) to give an injection that will prevent you from getting some diseases |
| vacuum | a space with no air in it |
| vagabond | a wanderer, aimless, rascal |
| vagrant | wandering, unsettled |
| vague | not very clear or sure |
| vain | thinking how pretty or good-looking you are; having a very good opinion of yourself |
| valiant | bold, courageous, brave, heroic |
| valley | the low land between two hills or mountains |
| valuable | worth a lot of money; high-priced: important |
| value | the worth of something; the price or cost of something |
| vampire | a blood-sucker, a dead person turned ghost out of the grave to suck the blood of the living ones |
| van | a closed motor vehicle used for carrying things from place to place. The same word also means a special carriage used for luggage, mail and animals |
| vane | a shaped piece of metal on top of a building, that swings to show which way the wind is blowing |
| vanish | to go out of sight very quickly; to disappear |
| vanity | too high an opinion of yourself |
| vanquish | to conquer, overcome, defeat |
| vapour | mist, steam or smoke floating in the air |
| variance | disagreement, dissension, discord |
| variety | a collection of many kinds of things; a show with different kinds of entertainment |
| various | different; many; several. Ice cream comes in various flavours |
| varnish | a clear liquid that you paint on to wood and metal to make it look shiny |
| vase | a pretty container for putting flowers in |
| vast | huge; very big; immense |
| vegetable | any plant used for food |
| vehicle | any form of transport with wheels |
| veil | a thin piece of netting or material, worn by women to hide their faces or to protect them from strong wind or sunshine |
| vein | one of the very thin long tubes that carry the blood around in your body |
| velvet | soft warm material that looks and feels like very thin fur |
| vengeance | revenge |
| ventilator | a small opening in a wall to let stale air out or fresh air in |
| verandah | an open porch with a roof, joined on to a house |
| verse | poetry; part of a poem |
| vessel | a ship. The same word also means a container, usually for liquid |
| vest | an undershirt; a waistcoat |
| vet | a person who looks after sick animals. The word is short for veterinary surgeon. The same word also means to examine something to see that it is all right |
| vex | to annoy someone or make him cross |
| vibrate | to wave to and fro, swing, quiver |
| vice | a blemish, fault, moral failing |
| vicious | wicked; fierce; very spiteful |
| victim | a person who is hurt in some way or is killed by someone else’s action |
| victory | the winning of a battle or contest |
| videotape | a special kind of tape that shows pictures and gives out sounds when it is played through a special machine |
| view | what you can see in front of you. When you are on top of a hill, you have a good view of the countryside around the hill |
| vigour | strength |
| village | houses and buildings all together, like a town but smaller |
| villain | a bad man; a rogue |
| villainy | wickedness, depravity, a crime |
| vine | a plant that climbs up poles or a fence or wall of creeps along on the ground. Some vines have grapes on them |
Modal auxiliaries Vs Primary auxiliaries
Primary auxiliaries are be, do, have. They are used to form tenses and to frame short answers.
Modal auxiliaries are will, would, may, might, shall, should, can, could, must, dare, need, used, ought. They are used to express moods.