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Last Updated : 07 Jan 2019
PARTS OF SPEECH
Look at the following sentences and find the words with different grammatical functions.
e.g.
| There is a drop in the prices of pulses |
| Do not drop the waste here |
See how the word ‘drop’ is used as a noun in the first sentence and as a verb in the second sentence. the same word is used with different grammatical functions. A number of words have different grammatical functions in different contexts with different meaning.
INTERCHANGE OF PARTS OF SPEECH
The following prefixes or suffixes at the beginning or end or the word determine whether they are Verbs, Nouns, Adjectives or Adverbs.
e.g.
| Verb | Noun | Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| en- | -ment | -able | -ly |
| im- | -ness | -ible | |
| -es | -tion | -ive | |
| -ed | -sion | -ful | |
| -ire/ize | -ance | -al | |
| -fy | -cy | -ant | |
| -en | -ity | -ic | |
| -ate | -th | -ave | |
| -ish | -ce | -ent | |
| -dom | -ant | ||
| -ship | -ar | ||
| -hood | -ing | ||
| -er/or | -y |
Some Important words can be changed into all the four forms.
e.g.
| Verb | Noun | Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| devote | devotee, devotion | devoted, devotional | devotedly, devotionally |
| contruct | construction | constructive | constructively |
| harmonised | harmony | harmonious | harmoniously |
| sensed | sense | sensitive, sensible | sensitively, sensibly |
| possess | possessions | possessive | possessively |
| reflect | reflection, reflectiveness | reflective | reflectively |
| astonished | astonishment | astonishing | astonishingly |
| integrate | integration | integral | integrally |
| fancied | fancy | fanciful | fancifully |
| impose | imposition | imposing | imposingly |
| bonded | bond | bonded, bonding | bonding |
| stylized | style | stylish | stylishly |
| expertise | expertness, expert | expert | expertly |
| symbolise | symbol | symbolic, symbolical | symbolically |
| proportioned | proportion | proportionate | proportionately |
| marvelled | marvel | marvellous | marvellously |
| architectured | architecture | architectural | architecturally |
| manage | management | manageable | manageably |
| restrict | restriction | restrictive, restricted | restrictively |
| directed | direction | direct | directly |
| excite | excitement | excited | excitedly |
| form | formation | formative | formatively |
| speeded, sped | speed | speedy | speedily |
| exceed | excess | excessive | excessively |
| confuse | confusion | confusing | confusingly |
| attract | attraction | attractive | attractively |
| endanger | danger | dangerous | dangerously |
| notice | notice | noticeable | noticeably |
| vary | variation, variety | various | variedly |
| stressed | stress | stressful | stressfully |
| economies | economy | economic, economical | economically |
| relate | relation, relativity | relative | relatively |
| systematize | system | systematic, systemic | systematically |
| initiate | initiation | initiative | initiatively |
| presist | presistence | presistent | presistently |
| brutalise | brutality | brutal | brutally |
| include | inclusion | inclusive | inclusively |
| dirtied | dirt | dirty | dirtily |
| trimphed | triumph | triumphant | triumphantly |
| reduce | reduction | reducible, reductive | reducibly, reductively |
| diminish | diminution | diminishable | diminutively |
| faced | face | facial | facially |
| functioned | function, functioning | functioning | functionally |
| tensed | tension | tensed | tensely |
| unsustained | unsustainance | unsustainable | unsustainably |
| tasted | taste, tastefulness | tasty, tasteful | tastefully |
| remedied | remedy | remedial | remedially |
| acquiesce | acquiescence | acquiescent | acquiescently |
| sophisticate | sophistication | sophisticate | sophistically |
| revere | reverence | reverential | reverentially |
| obey | obedience | obedient | obediently |
| regarded | regard | regardful | regardfully |
| forced | force | forcible | forcibly |
| depend | dependence | dependent | dependently |
| secure | security | secured | securely |
| devote | devotion | devotional | devotionally |
| suffice | sufficience | sufficient | sufficiently |
| authorise | authority | authoritative | authoritatively |
| define | definition | definite | definitely |
| compare | comparison | comparative | comparatively |
| enrich | riches | rich, richer | richly |
| inform | information | infromative | informatively |
| amazed | amazement | amazing | amazingly |
| pitied | pity | piteous | piteously |
| delighted | delight | delightful | delightfully |
| popularize | popularity | popular | popularly |
| wondered | wonder | wonderful | worderfully |
| expect | expectation | expectant | expectantly |
| needed | need, needy | needful | needfully |
| amuse | amusement | amusing | amusingly |
| lavished | lavishness | lavish | lavishly |
| believe | belief, believer | believable | believably |
| particularize | particular, particularity | particular | particularly |
| sensed | sense | sensible | sensibly |
| respond | response | responsive | responsively |
| commune | community | communal | communally |
| act | action, act | active | actively |
| brief | brevity | brief | briefly |
| relate | relevance | relevant | relavantly |
| completed | completion | complete | completely |
| practise | practice | practical | practically |
| mean | meaning | meaningful | meaningfully |
| express | expression | expressive | expressively |
| commercialize | commerce | commercial | commercially |
| conclude | conclusion | conclusive | conclusively |
| necessitate | necessity | necessary | necessarily |
| spirited | spirit | spiritual | spiritually |
| focused | focus | focal | focally |
| create | creation, creator | creative | creatively |
| visualise | vision, visionary | visual | visually |
| tortured | torture | torturous | torturously |
| warmed | warmth | warm | warmly |
| energies | energy | energetic | energetically |
| famed | fame | famous | famously |
| specify | specification | specific, specifiable | specifically |
| sympathise | sympathy | sympathetic | sympathetically |
| compose | composer | composed | composedly |
| figured | figure | figurative | figuratively |
| observe | observance | observable | observably |
| relate | relationship | relative | relatively |
| fascinate | fascination | fascinating | fascinatingly |
| engage | angagement | engaging | engagingly |
| entertain | entertainment | entertaining | entertainingly |
| clear | clarity | clear | clearly |
| loved | love | lovable | lovingly |
| think | thought | thoughtful | thoughtfully |
| decide | decision | decisive | decisively |
| appreciate | appreciation | appreciative | appreciatively |
| feared | fear | fearful | fearfully |
The Infinitive
The Adverb
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